Oil burner head



Aug. 29, 1933.

A. J. FRAME OIL BURNER HEAD Filed Sept. 13. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 #M my?. y

Aug. 29', 1933. A," 1 FRAME 1,924,092

OIL BURNER HEAD Patented Aug. 29, 1933 TES PATENn oFFlcE OIL BURNER HEAD Augustus J. Frame, Columbus, Ohio,

to Franklin Oil Heating, Inc., Columbus,

a Corporation of Ohio Appli@ assignm- 0h10,

ation september 13, 1929 -Seral No. 392,367

15 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burning apparatus and has for an object to provide an apparatus of that character in which primary air is admixed with oil vapor or gas and subsequently secondary air is added to the mixture to support complete combustion.

Another object consists in the provision of a central secondary air supply means in combination with a peripheral secondary air supply means, the latter being so constructed and ar ranged as to supply ample air but at a relatively reduced velocity so as to permit a more effective spreading of the flame of combustion.

Another object consists in the provision of a new central air distributing member.

Still another object consists in the provision of a new arrangement and means for the supply of 'the peripheral secondary air.

These'and other objects will be more f ully set forth and'described in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a fragmentary-side elevation of apparatus embodying my invention, a portion of the burner head being broken away for illustration;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the burner head, same being drawn to an enlarged scale;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same; Fig. 4 is a vertical section of a detail of a slightly modied construction.

Like numerals refer to like elements Vthroughout the drawings, in which 10 illustrates generally a bowl vor mixing chamber open at the top and having a` `central upstanding tubular portion 10-a. Projecting outwardly from the side wall of the bowl 10 below the top thereof isa peripheral flange 10-b, the portion of the bowl wall thereabove forming the vertical flangev 10-c, as illustrated in Fig. '1, for example. Depending from the flange 10-b intermediate the wall of bowl 10 and the outer periphery of the ange is a collar 10-e. A plurality -of small apertures 10-f are provided in the flange 10-b between the collar llle and the wall of thev bowl 10. vSome distance below the flange 10-b is a second smaller pro-- jecting flange 10-g. The bowl 10 is preferably formed of cast iron or the like. Surrounding and spaced fromthe bowl l0 is a casing 12 of sheet metal or the like having the bottom 12-a secured thereto, as by welding.

The casing 12 is provided with an aperture or port12-b into which extends and is secured one end of the main air duct 13, the same being beaded or headed over at 13-'a in contact with the wall of the casing 12. At its upper edge the casing 12 is anged at 12-c to underlie the fiange 10--b. Interposed between the wall of the casing 12 and the wall of the bowl 10 is a partition 14, which has an angularly formed lower flange 14-a arranged to contact with the underside of the bowl flange lll-g when assembled. At its upper por' tion the partition 14 is provided with the vertical portion l-b terminating in an outwardly directed peripheral ange 14-c located between flange 12-c and the bowl ange 10-b, as illus- 65 trated in Figs. 2 and 4, for example.

A number, of relatively large apertures 14-:1: are provided in the partition 14, being of Vsuch size as to permit that amount of air to the space above the partition as is desirable for the pe- 7o ripheral secondary air supply.

A convex-concave clamping ring 15 is located around and clamps the flanges 12-c, 14c and 10-b together to secure the bowl 10, partition. 14` and casing 12 in assembled relation, thisl ring 75 having the flangedI ends 15-a secured in clamping arrangement by means of the bolt 16 (see Fig. 3). Removably mounted in the tubular portion 10-a is the stem 16-a of a central air distributor member 16, having the lower distributor head 16b and the upper distributor head 16-c. This distributor member 16 is preferably constructed of sheet metal, the central portion being welded or otherwise suitably secured to the upper and lower distributor heads 16b andr85 16-c. The lower head is provided with the horizontally directed apertures 16-d and the downwardly inclined apertures 16-e. The upper distributor head 16-c is formed of the dished bottom portion 16f and the inverted dished top 90 portion 16-g, the two portions being secured together by means of bolts 20 and spacer bushings 21 located at suitable intervals and shown as three in number in the embodimentillustrated. These fastening members are located well inwardlyV of the outer periphery of the upper distributor head and the lower member 16-f and upper member lare spaced a sufficient distance to provide an annular discharge orifice 1li-h, as' illustrated in Fig. 2. Y 10 vThe central tubular portion 10-a is in'communication with the air chamber 25 formed by the bowl 10 and the casing 12, and is provided with the enlarged boss 10-:1: near the lbottom thereof, 'in which is located an oil supply duct 105 lll-y. An oil supply pipe 26 leads to and is inserted in the duct 10-y, and an auxiliary air pipe 27 is connected with the oil supply pipe 26 adjacent its delivery end, the other end of such air duct being looped at 27-a and provided with of air to this chamber 40 being possible through,

4ses

'lar `metal.

the open end 27-b located in the main air duct 13.

Communicating with one end of this air duct 13 is the outlet duct 30 of an electrically actuated fan 31, which has the air inlets 3l-la, the size the ports 14-a:.

In the form illustrated in Fig. 4 the ports 10-f are slightly inclined toward the ange lil-c, as, fory example, at an angle of 8 from the vertical, and the ange 10-c is slightly chamfered at a substantially similar angle, as illustrated by numeral 10-2.

45 illustrates generally a gas pilot light, although any suitable form of ignition may be utilized or my burner may be operated continuously without pilot if so desired.

In the operation of the apparatus described above the damper 32 is set for propenair delivery, and with the fan in operation air may be delivered through the main air duct 13 to the chamber 25, from whence it will flow up through the tubular portion 10-a to the central air dis.

"pressure will flow throughthe ports 14-:1: into the chamber 40, ports 14- being of substantially less total area than the area of the apertures 10-f. Air will ilow outwardly through the apertures 1 6 -d and 16-e from primary distributor head 16-b and preferably admix with-the fuel vapor resulting from the oil in the bottom of the bowl 10 in insucient quantity to effect combustion or ame in the bottom during normal running operation. In such operation the oil supply in the bowl is subjected to the radiant heat of the flame which generates the necessary vapor or gas, into which is introduced and admixed the primary air owing from the head 16-b. Secondary air will'flow out substantially in a horizontal sheet through the orice 16-h at relatively high velocity and will admiX with and deect the rising'gas and air mixture from the bowl. Additional secondary air will flow upwardly through the apertures 10-f in sufficient quantity,but at reduced pressure due to the interposition of the reduction chamber 40. 'I'his air willcontact and envelop the upwardly rising gas-air mixture, and due to its reduced velocity will also be deflected by the jet air distributor head 16-c, resulting in a clean dished or saucerlike flame resulting from the combustion of the initial gas-air mixture and the secondary air.

I have found that the use of the upper distributor head of the character illustrated greatly improves the character of theliame obtained and the provision of the reduction chamber 40 and. its associated air delivery apertures 10-f results in the supply of sufficient peripheral secondary air but at a reduced velocity which Apermits the desirable deflection and shaping of the gases and lflame. The central air distributor lends itself to economical and facile manufacture and permits the ready use of sheet or tubu- In some instances at least the inclined aper-v tures 10-f andy chamfered iiange Y10`c contribute to the production of a'better flame, parltherefrom, a casing surrounding and spaced from contribute to the maintenance of a cleaner bowl during operation of the burner.

The central air distributor head 16 in the form illustrated and described is particularly advantageous because it may be made of wrought metal as sheet metal for the sections of the primary and secondary distributing members may be easily shapedby stamping operation and the holes 16-d and 16-e, for example, may be readily and accurately punched, a. much cheaper and easier operation than to drill the holes, as

has been necessary with central distributing members of cast iron. The orice 16-h may also be accurately determined and sized as desired bythe use of proper spacing members 21, and that construction eliminates the' necessity of any drilling or punching of holes, while giving a better secondary air distribution than where apertures are utilized.

'Ihe arrangement of the concave-convex members 16-f, 16-9 of the upper distributor vhead forms an enlarged chamber, the top and bottom of which converge toward the annular slot l-h,

vent warping of the upper distributor head unl dertheaction of the heat from the combustion.

It will be obvious that my invention is susceptible of modification and departure from the form illustrated. I do not wish to' be restricted to such form except as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim ist' 1. In apparatus of the class described, a bowl having an apertured flange projecting outwardly said bowl, an apertured partition beneath and co-acting with said ange and the wall of said bowl to form a reduction chamben'means for supplying air under pressure to said casing, and

means to secure said casing and partition to said 15 iiange.

2. In apparatus of the `class described, a bowl having an apertured flange projecting outwardly therefrom, a casing surrounding and spaced from said bowl, an apertured partition beneath and co- 13 acting with said flange and the wall of said bowl to form a reduction chamber, means for supplying aircto said casing, and meansl to .secure said casing and partition to said ange, said last named means comprising a clampingr ring. 13

3. In apparatus of the class described, a bowl having .an `apertured flange projecting outwardly therefrom, a casing surrounding and spaced from i Y said bowl,` an apertiired partition beneath and co-acting with said ange and thewall of said 14 last named means comprising a clamping ring,

said casing and said partition being flanged for 14 engagementwith said bowl flange by said clamping ring. f

4. In apparatus Vof the class described, a bowl having an apertured iiange projecting outwardly therefrom,` a second flange projecting -from the wall of said bowl and spaced from said rst named ange, a casing extending downwardly from said rirst named flange and surrounding and spaced from said bowl, an apertured partition plate inclined from said rstflange to said second flange to form therewith and with the wall of said bowl a reduction chamber, and means for supplying air to said casing.

5. In apparatus of the class described, a bowl having a flange projecting outwardly therefrom, a second flange projecting from the wall of said bowl and spaced from said first named flange, a casing extending downwardly from said first named ange and surrounding and spaced from said bowl, `a partition plate inclined from said rst flange to said second flange `to form therewith and with the wall of said bowl a reduction chamber, said rst named flange being provided with apertures leading from said reduction chamber, said partition being also provided with apertures leading to said reduction chamber, and means for supplying air to said casing.

6. In apparatus of the class described a bowlY a casing surrounding and spaced from said bowl, means to supplyprimary air to said bowl, a flange closing the space between said bowl and said casing, said bowl being extended upwardly beyond said first named flange to form a vertical flange, said rst ange being provided with upwardly and inwardly inclined holes, saidvertical flange having lits outer surface inclined upwardly and inwardly, and means to supply air to the space between said bowl and casing.

'7. In apparatus of the class described a bowl, a casing `surrounding and spaced from said bowl, said casing forming with said bowl an air chamber means to' supply primary air to said bowl, said apparatus being provided with a reduction chamber within said air chamber, said reduction chamber being provided"` with air inlet openings and apertures leading from said reduction chamber adjacent the periphery of said bowl, said apertures being inwardly inclined, and means to supply air .to the space between said bowl and casing.

8. In apparatus of the class described a bowl, a casing surrounding and spaced from said bowl, said casing forming with said bowl an air lcham-- ber means to supply primary air to said bowl, said apparatus being provided with a reduction chamber within said air chamber, said reduction chamber being provided with openings in communication with said air leading from said reduction chamber adjacent the periphery of said bowl, said apertures being inwardly inclined, said bowl being extended upwardly above 'said apertures to provide a vertical flange, and means to supply air to the space between said bowl and casing.

9. In apparatus of the class described, a' bowl, a casing surrounding and spaced therefrom to form an air chamber, a top for said chamber 1ocated beneath the top of the bowl andapertured for the discharge of air, means for supplying air under pressure'to said casing, said apparatus being further provided with a reduction chamber beneath said apertured top formed by the provision of a partition wall, said reduction chamber -duction chamber, the total directed flange projecting chamber and apertures being in communication with said air chamber by apertures in said wall which combined are of an area less than that of the apertures in said top whereby air at reduced velocity will flow outwardly through the apertures in said top.

10. In apparatus of the class described, a bowl, a casing surrounding said bowl and spaced therefrom to form an air chamber, an apertured top for said air chamber, means for supplying air to said casing, and an aperturedpartition in said chamber co-acting with said top to form a reduction chamber.

11. In apparatus of the class described, a bowl, a casing surrounding said bowl and spaced therefrom to form an air chamber, an apertured top for said air chamber, means for supplying air to said casing', and an apertured partition in said chamber co-acting with said top to form a reeffective area of the apertures in said partition being less than that of the apertures in said top.

12. In apparatus of the class described, a bowl, a casing surrounding said bowl and spaced therefrom to form an air chamber, means for supplying air to said casing, an apertured top for said 100 air chamber, and an apertured partition in said chamber co-acting with said top to form a reduction chamber, the apertures in said partition being directed differently from those in said top.

13. In apparatus of the class described, a bowl, a casing surrounding and spaced therefrom to form an air chamber, means for supplying air to said casing, a top for said chamber located beneath thev top of the bowl andl apertured for the discharge of air, said apparatus being further provided with a reduction chamber beneath said apertured top, said reduction chamber being in communication with said air chamber whereby air at reduced velocity will flow outwardly through the apertures in said top, means to deliver primary air into said bowl, and means for delivery of secondary air above said bowl in an outward direction.

14. In oil burning apparatus, a bowl, a laterally from the wall of said 120 bowl at the upper portion thereof, said flange being apertured for the discharge of air, an air reduction chamber beneath said flange, means for delivering an air supply under pressure to said chamber, the -air inlet to said chamber being of 125 an area less than the combined area of the apertures in said flange, whereby air at reduced velocity will flow upwardly through said apertures, means for delivering primary air intosaid bowl, and means for delivery of secondary air 130 above said bowl in an outward direction.

' 15. In oil homing apparatus, a bowl, a chamber provided outside of said bowl and at the upper portion thereof having its upper Wall .apertured for the discharge of air, means for delivering an 135 air supply to said chamber, the air -inlet of said chamber being of an area less than the combined area of the apertures in said wall, whereby air at reduced velocity will flow outwardly through said apertures, means for delivering primary air into 140 said bowl, and means for delivery of secondary air above said bowl in an outward direction.

AUGUSTUS J. FRAME. 

